Theta vaults architecture

Vault flow example

1. User deposits 100 ETH into T-ETH-C (ETH call).

2. On Friday 8 am UTC, the vault closes the previous week round and subsequently uses 100% of its funds to mint 100 otokens, which are ERC20 representations of options contracts. The 100 ETH is locked for a week in Opyn.

3. After receiving the 100 otokens, the vault puts it up for auction on Paradigm.

   • Registered users can participate and bid on the otokens. They pay the premiums for the otoken in ETH. Paradigm can use different kinds of auctions to maximise depositors' returns (e.g. blind auctions)

   • At the end of the auction, the vault collects 1 ETH in premiums in the form of ETH.

   • Any remaining otokens that are not bought are burned, redeeming 1 otoken for 1 unit of collateral from Opyn.

4. On the next Friday 8 am UTC,

   • If the options expire in the money, the vault withdraws less than 100 ETH from Opyn.

   • If the options expire out the money, the vault withdraws exactly 100 ETH.

5. Let's say it expires out the money. The vault repeats step 2 with 101 ETH (original 100 ETH + 1 ETH premium).

Codebase

Deposit Flow

IMPORTANT: this is a technical explanation, if you need assistance on making a deposit please refer to this page!

1. The user deposits 1 ETH into TV.

2. We first check if they have an existing DepositReceipt from the past round. Using the round and amount, we update the unredeemedShares field. This essentially tracks how many shares the user owns, but has not yet redeemed.

struct DepositReceipt {
	round
	amount
	unredeemedShares
}

1. We create the DepositReceipt with the new details.

2. At rollToNextOption, the vault will mint all the shares that are owed to users to address(this). This increments the vaultState.round.

3. Since the round is concluded, the user's vault shares should show up by calling RibbonVault.shares(account)

The end result:

• Their shares show up automatically once the round concludes.

• DepositReceipts are used to track all the user's unredeemed shares. This is used for withdrawals and redemptions in the future.

Withdrawal Flow

IMPORTANT: this is a technical explanation, if you need assistance on making a withdrawal please refer to this page!

The withdrawal flow is slightly more involved. We have two types of withdrawals - Standard and Instant withdrawals.

Standard withdrawals

• Withdrawals are created with the initiateWithdraw function, which queues the shares to be burned.

• Withdrawals are completed with completeWithdraw function, which burns the shares, and returns the assets.

• Users can only call completeWithdraw only AFTER the week's Friday 10am UTC. For example, the user calls initiateWithdraw on Wednesday. They can only complete the withdrawal after the same week's Friday 10am UTC.

• Withdrawals stack on top of each other. This means that if I do initiateWithdraw(10), and I do initiateWithdraw(20) again, I will have a total withdrawal of 30 shares by Friday.

Instant withdrawals

• Instant withdrawals are only accessible to funds that are deposited mid-week.

• For example, user deposits 10 ETH into TV on Wednesday. They can call withdrawInstantly to return up to 10 ETH, from Wednesday till Friday.

Share Redemption Flow

IMPORTANT: this is a technical explanation, if you need assistance on redeeming your vault shares please refer to this page!

As mentioned before, when the user deposits into the vault, the vault mints and holds custody of the user's shares on address(this). This is not ideal for protocols or Meta-Vaults that want to hold custody of their shares. By calling the redeem or maxRedeem function, contracts are able to take custody of their vault shares.

The share redemption flow is also triggered implicitly when users call initiateWithdraw.

Access Control

Both of these privileged roles use a Gnosis Safe multisig wallet.